(甲) 我的講道
(乙) 網上資料
五旬節主日(丙年)讀經釋義
(主題:在聖神內成為天主的子女)
讀經一 | 宗2:1-11 |
答唱詠 | 詠104:1, 24, 29-30, 31, 34 |
讀經二 | 羅8:8-17 |
福 音 | 若14:15-16, 23-26 |
A 四篇讀經
本來,教廷禮儀委員會所選擇的四篇讀經在甲乙丙三年都相同,讀經一是宗2:1-11,答唱詠是詠104:1, 24, 29-30, 31和34,讀經二是格前12:3-7, 12-13,福音是若20:19-23。不過,禮委會也供各地教區在乙年和丙年自由選擇讀經二和福音,香港教區在乙年的讀經二是迦5:16-25,而福音是若15:26-27, 16:12-15;至於丙年(即本主日),請見上表。
B 讀經一:宗2:1-11
1. 五旬節相距逾越節五十天,猶太教亦藉此而慶祝梅瑟在西乃山領受十誡。五旬節即天主教的聖神降臨節,連同基督的苦難、復活和升天,成為一個整體。五旬節與聖神降臨的共同點就是收成,五旬節收成初果,聖神降臨是在教會內信友的收成,加入基督的身體成為祂的肢體(格前12:12和12:27)。
2. 讀經一指出聖神降臨的一些象徵,宗2:2的「暴風」和宗2:3的「火」,均象徵天主的顯現,使人全心皈依,因為「火」顯示聖神在工作。當聖神降臨後,宗2:4說宗徒們都「說起外方話來」,有些學者認為這是終止了創11:1-9「巴貝耳事件」的懲罰(罰人彼此間無法溝通)。
3. 五旬節是教會的誕生,它開展了教會的初傳(Kerygma)。宗徒們目睹基督所受的苦難後都很恐慌,但聖神降臨卻把之一掃而空,毫不畏懼政府的迫害,充滿信心地公開宣講復活的主。
C 答唱詠:詠104:1, 24, 29-30, 31, 34
1. 聖週六的讀經一是創1:1-2:2,詠104是之後的回應,創1:1-2:2談天主創世,祂所造的一切「認為樣樣都很好」(創1:31),詠104就是要讚美天主,聖詠的結構如下:
| 詠104 | 內 容 |
(a) | 1-9 | 全能的天主造化了天地; |
(b) | 10-18 | 天主照顧了天下生靈; |
(c) | 19:26 | 創世顯示天主的智慧; |
(d) | 27-35 | 天主保存和更新萬物。 |
2. 答唱詠主要句子是答句:「上主,請你噓氣,使大地更新」,聖神一降臨,「就聚來了許多人」於耶路撒冷(宗2:6),詠104:30 說這就是聖神「更新一切」,在地上建立了祂的「教會」。
D 讀經二:羅8:8-17
1. 羅馬書是保祿在格林多寫於公元57-58年左右。聖宗徒使用了鮮明對比的話來描述人身體的狀況 -「屬於肉性」和「屬於聖神」,「屬於肉性」意謂人自然的和具體有形的存在,在讀經二內被視為「奴隸」(羅8:15),羅8:8說「決不能得天主的歡心」,而且是絕望的:「導入死亡」(羅8:6),面對天主時,「是與天主為敵,決不服從,也決不能服從天主的法律」(羅8:7)。「屬於聖神」使人「獲得自由」(羅8:2),因此羅8:21說他們「得享天主子女的光榮自由。」「屬於肉性」指一切均看現世利益的人,今天不少中年人士把人生的目標焦點只放在家人的福祉和錢財的利益上,朋友為他們只為了利用(學位、搵工、免費諮詢),認為真友誼並不重要。「聖神」的德能是無限的,羅8:11說祂「使耶穌從死者中復活」起來,對於那些「屬於聖神」的人,也使我們「有死的身體復活」,然後「導入生命與平安。」(羅8:6)羅8:10-11彷彿帶領我們重溫耶穌在若11:25-26對瑪爾大所說的話:「我就是復活,就是生命;信從我的,即使死了,仍要活著;凡活著而信從我的人,必永遠不死。」耶穌更在若6:40承諾:「在末日,我要使他(信從子的人)復活。」
2. 在以色列的傳統裡,人性乃處於善惡兩者中間,兩方均不停地戰鬥,也就是「屬於肉性」和「屬於聖神」的激戰,一如迦5:17所描述:「本性的私慾相反聖神的引導,聖神的引導相反本性的私慾」,羅8:1-17講論天主的神如何運作來帶給人類救恩,所以,我們應尋求「那使耶穌從死者中復活者的聖神住在你們內」(羅8:11),我們便是「天主的子女」,向天主呼號:「阿爸,父呀!」(羅8:15)子女與僕人不同,羅8:17說子女才是「承繼者」和「基督的同承繼者」,因而可以分享天主的光榮。至於「受天主聖神引導的」是甚麼,要到福音才探討。
3. 讀經一記載聖神降臨在團體內,宗徒們立時不再恐懼了,便立即在宗11:4「說起外方話來」,使「人人都聽見他們說自己的方言。」這彷彿治癒了創11:9的創傷(「混亂了全地的語言」,以致人彼此間不能再溝通)。讀經二說當人願意「受天主聖神引導的」,便是「天主的子女」,因而可以分享天主的光榮,「聖神」也使我們「有死的身體復活。」答唱詠確定天主聖神「使大地更新」,我們應「讚美上主」。
E 福 音:若14:15-16, 23-26
1. 上兩主日的福音均談「愛」,有了愛,聖神便能降臨。耶穌是門徒們的護慰者,但祂因快要離世,便在若14:16許諾「賜給你們另一位護慰者」,祂會「永遠與你們同在。」
2. 若14:23-26可以分成兩部份:
(a) 若14:23-25表示,「愛」耶穌的證據就是「遵守」祂的話,天主也會愛這樣的門徒,他們便能與天主和耶穌同在(厄瑪奴耳,亦即「恩寵」之意)。「遵守」耶穌的話,意即愛主愛人,包括我們的仇人。這是為強調行為勝過說話;
(b) 若14:26談「護慰者」,即聖神,祂會來「教訓」和「使你們想起」,「教訓」的落實乃「教會訓導」,「想起」的就是主耶穌所說過的話。
3. 其實,若14:27-29也與若14:23-26相關,耶穌快要離世了,門徒因此十分憂慮,於是祂便賜給他們「平安」,但這份平安「不像世界所賜的一樣」,世人的安全感多建基於財物(如一所房屋、安穩的工作、存款和股票等)。主耶穌所賜的平安也在感恩聖祭中主祭所誦讀的經文:「上主,求你從一切災禍中拯救我們,恩賜我們今世平安,使我們仰賴你的仁慈,永久脫免罪惡,並在一切困擾中,獲得安全。」
4. 四篇讀經如何連貫起來呢?前三篇請先參閱上述D3段,福音便解釋如何落實聖神降臨的效果,祂會「教訓」我們,使我們「想起」耶穌的教訓,叫我們要愛主愛人,信仰團體便得以合一。
F 四篇讀經的重要章節
1. 宗2:6:「這聲音一響,就聚來了許多人。」
2. 詠104:30:「你一噓氣,萬物創成,你使地面,更新復興。」
3. 羅8:14:「凡受天主聖神引導的,都是天主的子女。」
4. 若14:26:「他必要教訓你們一切,也要使你們想起,我對你們所說的一切。」
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(丙) 王保誠神父
【Reflection on Mk 9:14-29】
“I do believe, help my belief.” Is that a contradiction? Perhaps yes, if we were to take belief as isolated from trust! There is a yes or no quality about pure belief, but there are many degrees of trust; in fact trust is all about degrees. By trusting we learn how to trust and by trusting again we learn to trust more. Belief does not just like changeless in the mind; it grow out of itself. That is how every living thing grows.
【若望福音20:19-23分享】
在這五旬節主日中,我們知道有聖神便有平安。原來平安是
【I Do Believe, Help My Unbelief!】
As Jesus came down from the mountain with Peter, James, John and approached the other disciples, they saw a large crowd around them and scribes arguing with them. Immediately on seeing him, the whole crowd was utterly amazed. They ran up to him and greeted him. He asked them, “What are you arguing about with them?” Someone from the crowd answered him, “Teacher, I have brought to you my son possessed by a mute spirit. Wherever it seizes him, it throws him down; he foams at the mouth, grinds his teeth, and becomes rigid. I asked your disciples to drive it out, but they were unable to do so.” He said to them in reply, “O faithless generation, how long will I be with you? How long will I endure you? Bring him to me.” They brought the boy to him. And when he saw him, the spirit immediately threw the boy into convulsions. As he fell to the ground, he began to roll around and foam at the mouth. Then he questioned his father, “How long has this been happening to him?” He replied, “Since childhood. It has often thrown him into fire and into water to kill him. But if you can do anything, have compassion on us and help us.” Jesus said to him, “‘If you can!’ Eve-rything is possible to one who has faith.” Then the boy’s father cried out, “I do believe, help my unbelief!” Jesus, on see-ing a crowd rapidly gathering, rebuked the unclean spirit and said to it, “Mute and deaf spirit, I command you: come out of him and never enter him again!” Shouting and throwing the boy into convulsions, it came out. He became like a corpse, which caused many to say, “He is dead!” But Jesus took him by the hand, raised him, and he stood up. When he entered the house, his disciples asked him in private, “Why could we not drive the spirit out?” He said to them, “This kind can only come out through prayer.”
Mk 9:14-29