米俐的部落格

酆都名山國家4A級旅遊景區。位於重慶市酆都縣新縣城對岸的名山。經渝涪高速轉涪陵至豐都公路或乘坐遊覽長江三峽的遊船可直達景區。距重慶市區水路172 公里、公路110公里。屬歷史文化類人文風景旅遊區。豐都古稱平都，殷周為巴國別都，東漢和帝永元二年（90）因平都山而置平都縣（隋改名酆都縣）

酆都名山原名平都山，相傳漢代王方平、陰長生在此修道成仙，故自晉以來，其神秘色彩較濃，當地民間將“陰”、“王”二姓合稱並漸訛傳為“陰間之王”

於是唐以後在此廣建佛寺，並將平都山傳為亡靈歸宿之所，即所謂“陰曹地府”北宋時蘇軾《題平都山》有“平都天下古名山”詩句，後人遂改平都為“名山”,至明清又稱“鬼國幽都”,至今又被人們稱為“豐都鬼城”距今已有2000年歷史。

唐代詩人李白遊酆都後寫下「下笑世上士，沉魂北酆都」的關於人生與死的詩句，更使鬼城聲名大噪。

酆都鬼城中英文簡介

Brief introduction to The City of Ghost Fengdu

酆都鬼城歷史悠久，獨特的文化內涵，神奇的傳說，秀麗的風光，難以替代的觀賞價值和以現實與未來，真實與虛幻相交織的巨大吸引力、誘惑力向世界展現出神秘的東方神韻。讓每個中外遊著迷人，在觀光遊覽的過程中使心靈震撼衝動，從中去審視自己的過去，凝望漫漫的未來。

酆都鬼城林木蒼翠，建築磐鼓晨鐘，江山一脈；朝霞夕照，風光醉人，廟宇殿堂神像森嚴，名人騷客流墨遺雅，碑刻詩聯韻味雋永。

The City of Ghost Fengdu presents to the world fantasizing Oriental verve with its ancient history, unique content, miraculous legends, beautiful scenes, irreplaceable sightseeing value and the great attraction and charm of a loon that weaves together the present and future, also reality and fantasies. It fascinates each of the tourists from domestic or abroad, shocking and impelling hearts and souls, making people review their and looking with subtle doubt into the future lying ahead.

The ‘City of Ghost’ is a ‘Netherworld’ imagined by people, constructed imitating the legal mechanisms of the human world a series of Nether institutions including the ‘Yama Palace’, ‘Guimen Pass’ , ‘Ying Yang Boarder’, ’18 levels of Hell’, etc. the Ghosts and deities are varied shapes and manners, tall-built and eccentric, drawing people’s hatred and affection at the same time.

The Ghost City in Fengdu are shattered with towering emerald-green woods, delicate buildings, sound drums and morning bells, merged with river and mountain; rosy dawn and glow of sunset, inebriating scenes, the statutes of ghosts and deities in the temples and palaces are all encompassing, towers, balconies, Pavilions are built inclined to the foot of the mountain; celcbrities and men of letters left their calligraphies and genres, which embeds in poems and inscriptions with lingering charm and appeal.

勝跡由來

The origin of historic sites

酆都鬼城至今已有近2000年的歷史。它始建於東漢和帝永二年（公元90年）。官為巴子別都，原名「平都山」，海拔287.3米，面積0.45平方公里，因北宋蘇東坡詩句「平都天下古名山」更名為名山。

酆都鬼城被訛傳為鬼城，最早的歷史淵源於巴蜀氐羌部落第一代鬼帝土伯住在鬼國幽都。因酆都古時曾為巴蜀別都，後來就被傳為「鬼國」的「幽都」。

至漢代又傳有陰長生、王方平兩人先後在平都山修道成仙，白日飛升。於是道教就把這裡列為道教的「洞天福地」。

至唐代，更有人將陰、王兩姓聯綴為陰王，於是名山就演變為陰王（陰間之王）所居之地，也即是演變成鬼都。

The Ghost City in Fengdu has a history of nearly 2000 years. Its construction started in the year of 90 A .D. . It was the second capital of Ba, and originally named Pingdu Mountain . Its elevation is 287.3 meters and occupies an area of 0.45 square kilometers. Its names was changed to Ming Mountain since Shi Su’s poetry Pingdu the Celestial mountain of everlasting fame in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Fengdu is rumored to be the ‘ Ghost City ’ in the beginning. The historic orgin of this rumour is that the Ghost Emperor Tubo of Diqiang tribes in the Ba and Shu Territories lived in a place named ‘ Spirit Capital of the Ghost Terrain’. Since Fengdu was a secondary capital of Bashu, it is refered to as ‘Spirit Capital’ and ‘Ghost Terrain’ ever since.

Later in the Han Dynasty, the legends told that there are two people, namely Yin Changsheng, and Wang Fangping practiced Taoism on the Pingdu Mountain and became fairies and passed up to the other world in broad daylight. The Taoism Circle then listed here as one of the ‘ Wonder Place of Blessings’

Since time during the Tang Dynasty, some people farfectched the family names of the two together as ‘Yinwang’. Consequently the fane of Ming Mountain was gradually manipulated into a dwell place for ‘Yinwang’ (which of the underworld in Chinese), then future dramatized to be the Ghost capital of the ‘Neitherworld’.

百子殿

Palace of a hundred children

百子殿位於名山頸部，座北向南，始建於民國，中共建國初塌，1981年重建，佔地面積783.4平方米，建築面積694.9平方米。正面塑像觀音坐蓮台，左右塑文殊、普賢，兩旁分塑十二圓覺殿，後塑唐僧去西天取經經歷劫難的片段故事。門旁塑護法神韋陀和「語忘敬遺」三代人的像，「語忘敬遺」是佛教術語，意即保佑百家子女健康成長。

The Palace of a hundred children is located on the neck of Ming Mountain , sited on north and facing south. Originally built during the Republic era of China , and collapsed in the early years of the people’s Republic, but rebuilt in 1981, it occupies an area of 783.4m² , with construction area 694.9 m² . Facing the front sites the statue of Bodhisattvas Manjusri (Wenshu) and Fugen (puxiam), then the twelve Surangama palaces; then there are screenshots of the Sagas of Monk Xuanzang Tang’s Journey to the West. On the side of the gate, stand the statues of Protector Deity Vedas and 3 generations of ‘Yu Wang Jing Yi’. ‘Yu Wang Jing Yi’ is a Buddhist term, meaning bless the offspring of the hundred households to grow with health.

奈何橋

Naihe Bridge

奈何橋始建於明朝永樂年間(1403-1424 年)。這是一座溝通歷史和現實，連接陰曹地府和陽界、審視死亡與罪惡，宣制生存與死亡的「試金橋」，人死亡後魂魄都要經過奈何橋，善者有神佛庇護容易過關，惡者被打入血河池受罪，可謂「行善自有神庇佑；作惡難過奈何橋。為人不作虧心事，走過奈何橋不驚。」上山走中間，下山走兩邊，男左女右，三步跨過。左為金橋；右為銀橋。過金橋能升官，走銀橋的會發財。

Naihe Bridge was originally built during the Yongle Regime of Ming Dynasty (1403 -1424 A .D.). This is a bridge that communicates between history and reality, connects the netherworld and the secular world, and review and determines good and evil, sentences and rule life and death, a ‘Testing Bridge’ of some sort. After each person passes, one’s spirit must go through the Naihe Bridge, where the good will get across smoothly with the blessings of deities and Buddha, while the evil ones will be stroke and casted in to the river of blood to suffer, as the myth goes: ‘ Good deeds will grow to be the blessings from heavens, while evildoers will thrive for a pass. Do no evil when you lived, and receive not shocks on the Naihe’ Ho upwards the mountain in the middle, and follow the sides when you get back down. Men on the left and women on the right, get over with 3 steps. ‘ Gold Bridge ’ can help to raise position as an officer, while going through the ‘ Silver Bridge ’ bring luck and wealth. 

鬼門關

Gumen Pass

這裡是進入鬼國的必經關卡。無論是誰來到都必接受檢查，看看是否持有鬼國通行證──路引。路引長三尺，寬兩尺，用黃色軟紙印做而成，上書「為酆都天予閻羅大帝發給路引和普天下人必備此引，方能到地府轉世升天」。同時，上面蓋有『陰司城』、酆都縣府三個印章。這是人死後刑鬼國報到的依據。

This is a pass that all shall go through in order to enter the domain of ghosts. Everyone who gets here will be examined to see whether he or she has a passport for the Ghost Terrain ‘ Road Pass ’. A ‘Road Pass’ measures 3 Chi in length and 2 Chi (3 Chi=1 meter), and are made of soft yellow paper, with ‘By Celestial Authorization, Issued by Fengdu Yama’ and ‘All must hold this pass for admission into the Netherworld, for Metempsychosis or uprising.’ Additionally, the Road Pass has 3 seals by ‘Netherworld City Deity, and County Government of Fengdu’. These are the proofs for the seceased to report to the Ghost Terrain.

望鄉台

The Platform of overlooking Home

望鄉台建於1985年，又稱思鄉嶺，是人死後最後看望家鄉，和親人告別的地方。成為鬼魂遙望陽間的窗口，及活人與死人聯絡感情的勝地。

傳說人死後「一天不吃人間飯，兩天就過陰陽界，三天到達望鄉台，望見親人哭哀哀。」

鬼魂去地府報到前，大哭一聲才死心塌地前往陰曹地府。

The Platform of overlooking Home was built in 1985, otherwise named’ Mountain of Nostalgia ’, where the deceased to have a last glance of home and farewell their families. It became a divine place where the dead communicates with living and serves as a window for the ghosts to look at the world of the living. The myth says after one passes, ‘Eat no food of this world for one day, passing the border of Netherworld on the second, arriving on the Platform of Overlooking Home, to see the families weeping in sorrow.’ Before the ghosts report to the netherworld, to have the last glance at home, cry out loud, then continues on to the netherworld with a dead heart.

黃泉路

Huang Quan Path

黃泉路是通往陰曹地府的必經之路，寬2米，長約50米，路面為青石板。人行黃泉路不論耳聽何聲，身感何物，千萬不要走回頭，才不會被那些孤魂野鬼所附身。走完黃泉路後，就意味著即將受到閻王的最後審判，及十八層地獄的最後考驗。

Huang Quan Path is a path where people must pass to get the Netherworld, with width 2m , and length 50m , and are paved with cordierite stones. When one is walking on the Huang Quan path, no matter what he or she hears or feels, must not look back, and can only walk forward. According to the myth, there are lots of spirits wandering alone, and they will claw to the passers’ cloths, tapping on their shoulders and dragging their pants in order to possessed by the wandering spirits is to walk ahead and not looking back. After passing through the Huang Quan Path, the time then comes when the traveler will face the final judgement of Yama and final test of the 18 levels of purgatory.